Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) targets specific areas of the brain linked to mood regulation. In patients with depression, these regions often show reduced electrical activity. By sending brief, highly focused magnetic pulses to “reawaken” these cells, TMS increases brain activity to more balanced levels, helping relieve symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions without the need for surgery or general anesthesia.

TMS is a non-invasive, well-tolerated treatment with few systemic side effects compared to many antidepressants. Clinical studies indicate that the most common side effects are mild to moderate scalp discomfort and mild headaches, both of which are typically short-lived and lessen over time. Most patients can go about their day immediately after a TMS session with no downtime required.

In the United States, TMS is FDA-approved for adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who haven’t found enough relief from prior antidepressant medications or who can’t tolerate the side effects. If you’ve been diagnosed with MDD and your current treatments aren’t working, or if they’re causing uncomfortable side effects, ask your doctor about TMS. A referral to a certified TMS provider can help determine if this therapy is right for your situation.

TMS sessions happen in a doctor’s office or clinic and generally last anywhere from 3 to 37.5 minutes. You’ll sit comfortably, often provided with earplugs to reduce the clicking sound from the device. After precise measurements are taken, the magnetic coil is positioned on your head, delivering painless pulses. Throughout the session, you remain awake and alert, and can usually drive yourself home or return to your normal routine right away. Most patients undergo five sessions per week over about six weeks, though individual treatment plans may vary.

When the magnetic pulses are delivered, you’ll typically hear a clicking noise and feel a tapping sensation on the scalp where the coil is placed. Some describe it as a light knock; while it may feel unusual at first, most patients become used to the sensation within the first few sessions. Importantly, you remain conscious and comfortable throughout.

Many insurance providers — including Medicare and, in some states, Medicaid — offer coverage for TMS therapy. However, pre-authorization is commonly required. Your TMS provider will guide you through the insurance approval process, helping you submit any necessary paperwork so you can focus on your mental health journey.